Demography
Опубликовано на портале: 22-11-2005
David B. Grusky, Thomas A. DiPrete
Demography.
1990.
Vol. 27.
No. 4.
P. 617-637.
Using the 14 annual cross-sections from the General Social Survey, we specify a "basic
model" of attainment and describe the year-by-year fluctuations in its parameters.
The results are partially consistent with theories describing the gradual growth
of universalistic patterns of stratification and mobility. Under a linear model of
educational achievement, we find that the direct effects of race are weakening and
the returns to class-based advantages are declining in tandem. The contours of the
socioeconomic "gender gap" are also changing in important ways, with the male intercept
declining at a rapid pace and the female term registering small and insignificant
year-by-year gains. At the same time, the returns to experience and schooling are
increasing for men, whereas the corresponding returns for women have remained stable
over the 15-year period. This pattern of interaction effects implies that the size
of the gender gap varies over time and across different population groups.
Опубликовано на портале: 13-02-2004
David A. Wise
Demography.
1997.
Vol. 34.
No. 1.
P. 83-95.
Scheduled Social Security changes would have little effect on the retirement decisions
of employees with a typical defined benefit pension plan. But if the pension plan
provisions were changed to correspond to the Social Security changes, the effect
would be very large. And although not contemplated by current legislation, it is
clear that an increase in the Social Security early retirement age would have a substantial
effect on the early retirement rates of the large number of employees not covered
by a pension plan.
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