Экономика » Экономика отраслевых рынков » Аграрная экономика » Рынки агропродовольственной продукции
Всего публикаций в данном разделе: 7
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Опубликовано на портале: 04-01-2004
Rafaela Dios Palomares, Jose Miguel Martinez Paz
Zaragoza, 2002
This study investigated the efficiency and productivity change of a
sample of food distribution units (MERCAs) in Spain over the 1.997-1.999
period, applying non-parametric frontier methodology in a sales efficiency
framework.
We specified a mean sales model composed of two blocks of variables,
the production block, and the marketing management block. Then we
applied output oriented DEA methodology to perform the efficiency analysis,
also taking into account the overall efficiency decomposition into pure and
scale efficiency. The Malmquist index was calculated in order to analyse the
components of the productivity change.
The mean pure sales efficiency index was high, around 0.8, the mean scale index being 0,9. As appears from the results, six food distribution units were efficient, but some of the wholesale markets need to adapt their sales technology in order that their input bundle reaches a Most Productive Scale Size unit.
We found no evidence of technical change during the period considered, but concluded that a notable scale efficiency change took place during the studied period.
To summarise, we conclude that improvement in sales efficiency could be reached in the studied sector in both the pure and the scale efficiency.
The mean pure sales efficiency index was high, around 0.8, the mean scale index being 0,9. As appears from the results, six food distribution units were efficient, but some of the wholesale markets need to adapt their sales technology in order that their input bundle reaches a Most Productive Scale Size unit.
We found no evidence of technical change during the period considered, but concluded that a notable scale efficiency change took place during the studied period.
To summarise, we conclude that improvement in sales efficiency could be reached in the studied sector in both the pure and the scale efficiency.


Опубликовано на портале: 30-11-2003
Jay Fabiosa, John C. Beghin, Stephane de Cara, Cheng Fang, Murat Isik, Holger Matthey
2003
Using a partial equilibrium model of world agriculture, we investigate the multilateral
removal of all border
taxes and farm programs and their distortion of world agricultural markets. These
distortions have significant
terms-of-trade effects. World trade is also significantly impacted by both
types of distortions. Trade
expansion is substantial for most commodities, especially dairy, meats, and vegetable
oils. Net agricultural
and food exporters (Brazil, Australia, and Argentina) emerge with expanded exports;
whereas net importing
countries with limited distortions before liberalization are penalized by
higher world markets prices and
reduced imports. The US gains significant export shares in livestock products
and imports more dairy
products. Without protection and domestic subsidies, the EU loses many
of its livestock and dairy export
markets.


Опубликовано на портале: 30-12-2003
Tim Lloyd, Steve McCorriston, Wyn Morgan, Tony Rayner
Durban, 2003
This paper is concerned with the impact of the BSE crisis in the UK
and focuses on price transmission
between retail and farm prices. From a theoretical perspective we show that market
power has an effect on
price transmission between retail and farm prices following a demand shock. The empirical
results suggest
that the impact of a food scare on farm prices to be more than double that of retail
prices, the direction of this
effect being consistent with the impact of oligopoly dominating the effect (if any)
of oligopsony.
However, important in assessing the full impact of a food scare is the ability of consumers to switch into substitute products. This is also evident following the BSE crisis with the availability of substitutes contributing significantly to the overall impact on price adjustment.
However, important in assessing the full impact of a food scare is the ability of consumers to switch into substitute products. This is also evident following the BSE crisis with the availability of substitutes contributing significantly to the overall impact on price adjustment.


Опубликовано на портале: 04-01-2004
Cristina Marreiros, Mitchell Ness
Zaragoza, 2002
The objectives of this paper are to examine consumers’ perceptions of Protected
Designation of Origin (PDO) beef on the basis of a survey of consumers and buyers
of beef.
The paper identifies a profile of PDO beef consumers, examines their behaviour and perceptions on PDO beef, derives the dimensions of perceptions of PDO beef, and establishes segments based upon those dimensions. The results reveal that PDO consumers are representative of all geographical regions, age and profession groups, are lighter consumers of beef and shop for food mainly in the butchers. Consumers’ perceptions on PDO beef emphasises quality, safety, and control. However, underlying those perceptions are six main dimensions and it is possible to identify three segments of PDO beef consumers: a faithful consumer group, an unaware consumer group, and a sensory, price conscious group.
The paper identifies a profile of PDO beef consumers, examines their behaviour and perceptions on PDO beef, derives the dimensions of perceptions of PDO beef, and establishes segments based upon those dimensions. The results reveal that PDO consumers are representative of all geographical regions, age and profession groups, are lighter consumers of beef and shop for food mainly in the butchers. Consumers’ perceptions on PDO beef emphasises quality, safety, and control. However, underlying those perceptions are six main dimensions and it is possible to identify three segments of PDO beef consumers: a faithful consumer group, an unaware consumer group, and a sensory, price conscious group.


Опубликовано на портале: 29-11-2003
Markus Mau
2002
Supply Chain Management as a business strategy can combine both microeconomic
and macroeconomic aspects of preferred value chains. This paper
(1) shows the impact of SCM,
(2) stretches out the three dimensions of performance, costs and quality of the processes along the supply chain and
(3) highlights the SCM-enabler.
The method of a process chain analysis is demonstrated for the allocation of resources. Various results of carried out and studies in progress are given and identified through the classification into economical and management aspects.
(1) shows the impact of SCM,
(2) stretches out the three dimensions of performance, costs and quality of the processes along the supply chain and
(3) highlights the SCM-enabler.
The method of a process chain analysis is demonstrated for the allocation of resources. Various results of carried out and studies in progress are given and identified through the classification into economical and management aspects.


Опубликовано на портале: 30-11-2003
Mario Mazzocchi, Gianluca Stefani
2002
The paper develops a measure of consumer welfare losses associated with withheld
information
about BSE linkage with vCJD. food safety. The Cost of Ignorance (COI) is measured
by comparing the utility of the informed choice with the utility of the uninformed
one, under condition of improved information. Unlike previous work, based on a single
equation demand model, the measure is obtained retrieving a cost function from a
dynamic Almost Ideal Demand System. The results indicate that Italian consumers bore
a significant loss because of the delayed release of information.


Опубликовано на портале: 30-11-2003
J. Meyer
2003
Applied econometric analyses of market integration based on price data alone have
been criticised, because
they neglect the role of transaction costs. To meet this objection threshold vector
error correction models are
used. Threshold models can account for the effects of transaction costs in price
transmission without directly
relying upon information about these costs, which are often unavailable. Results
from threshold models that
are based on two thresholds provide results that are economically more intuitive
than those obtained from
one threshold models. However there is no adequate econometric test for
threshold significance in a two-
threshold model available so far; such tests are only available for the one threshold
model. In this paper a
restricted two-threshold model is developed in which the significance of the thresholds
can be tested. This
model is therefore amenable to economic interpretation and statistical inference.
This model is used to
estimate market integration on the European pig market.

