Экономика » Экономика отраслевых рынков » Аграрная экономика » Рынки агропродовольственной продукции
Всего публикаций в данном разделе: 6
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Опубликовано на портале: 12-12-2003
Jose A. Gomez-Limon, Laura Riesgo, Manuel Arriaza
Durban, 2003
In this paper we present a methodology to analyse input use in the agricultural
sector. The novelty of the
theoretical model explained is that it has been developed considering a multi-criteria
environment. Thus, the
optimal input use condition is determined by the assessment of "multi-attribute utility"
and "multi-attribute
marginal utility". We show how the approach adopted in this paper is a generalization
of the single-attribute
expected utility theory. The theoretical model developed is further implemented in
an empirical application
that studies water for irrigation use as a particular case. Results show how multi-attribute
utility functions
elicited for a sample of 52 irrigators explain differences on irrigation
water use in relative homogenous
agricultural systems, albeit exhibiting similar water partial utility functions.
We conclude that these
differences come from the dissimilar weights that farmers attached to each attribute
in the aggregate utility
function. The irrigated area considered as case study is located in North-western
Spain.


Опубликовано на портале: 29-11-2003
Markus Lips, Peter Rieder
2002
This paper discusses an approach to implement output quotas in the GTAP model which
permits an endogenous adjustment of both the supplied quantity and the quota rent.
Since the
quota rent is interpreted as additional earnings of the factors used no change of
the worldwide
GTAP data base is required. Several modifications of the GTAP model and two exogenous
coefficients are necessary. Considering uncertain values of one of the coefficients,
systematic
sensitivity analysis is applied.
The abolishment of the raw milk quota in the European Union would lead to a remarkable
decrease in raw milk prices in most member countries. The raw milk production increases
in
Denmark, Ireland, Luxembourg and the Netherlands while it declines in Greece and
Portugal.
In the other member countries the raw milk production changes slightly.


Опубликовано на портале: 30-12-2003
Tim Lloyd, Steve McCorriston, Wyn Morgan, Tony Rayner
Durban, 2003
This paper is concerned with the impact of the BSE crisis in the UK
and focuses on price transmission
between retail and farm prices. From a theoretical perspective we show that market
power has an effect on
price transmission between retail and farm prices following a demand shock. The empirical
results suggest
that the impact of a food scare on farm prices to be more than double that of retail
prices, the direction of this
effect being consistent with the impact of oligopoly dominating the effect (if any)
of oligopsony.
However, important in assessing the full impact of a food scare is the ability of consumers to switch into substitute products. This is also evident following the BSE crisis with the availability of substitutes contributing significantly to the overall impact on price adjustment.
However, important in assessing the full impact of a food scare is the ability of consumers to switch into substitute products. This is also evident following the BSE crisis with the availability of substitutes contributing significantly to the overall impact on price adjustment.


Опубликовано на портале: 29-11-2003
Emmanuelle Raynaud, Loic Sauvee, Egizio Valceschini
2002
For many agricultural products, the quality of the final products strongly depends
on different stages
of the productive chain. This stresses the importance of relationships between quality
signal owners and
suppliers in the vertical chain. Based on a New Institutional Economics analysis,
the goal of this paper is
twofold:
(i) to design a framework to study the links between quality signaling, coordination in the supply chains and the institutional environment,
(ii) to conduct a comparative analysis to identify, compare and explain the modes of organization implemented for the governance of different quality signs.
The general hypothesis is that, in order to assure the credibility of a quality signal, there must be an efficient alignment between quality characteristics and governance of the supply chain. To test this general hypothesis, we have conducted a comparative analysis of 42 case studies in 3 sectors (processed meat, cheese, fruit and vegetable sectors) from 7 European countries. This diversity allows us to compare the organizations designed to govern different quality signals in different institutional environments and to test the matching between quality signals and governance structures.
(i) to design a framework to study the links between quality signaling, coordination in the supply chains and the institutional environment,
(ii) to conduct a comparative analysis to identify, compare and explain the modes of organization implemented for the governance of different quality signs.
The general hypothesis is that, in order to assure the credibility of a quality signal, there must be an efficient alignment between quality characteristics and governance of the supply chain. To test this general hypothesis, we have conducted a comparative analysis of 42 case studies in 3 sectors (processed meat, cheese, fruit and vegetable sectors) from 7 European countries. This diversity allows us to compare the organizations designed to govern different quality signals in different institutional environments and to test the matching between quality signals and governance structures.


Опубликовано на портале: 04-01-2004
Mark W. Rosegrant, Claudia Ringler, Michael S. Paisner
Berlin, 2000
In order to understand the future of food supply and demand and food security, it
is essential to focus on the long-term, fundamental drivers, such as income and population
growth, and technological change in agriculture as influenced by investments in agricultural
research, irrigation, and other factors.
In the remainder of this paper we take a new look into the future role of agricultural research and technology development in world food markets based on alternative scenario simulations with IFPRI’s IMPACT model. The paper starts out by very briefly describing the model, and then presents and discusses alternative scenarios with a focus on the role of technological change.
In the remainder of this paper we take a new look into the future role of agricultural research and technology development in world food markets based on alternative scenario simulations with IFPRI’s IMPACT model. The paper starts out by very briefly describing the model, and then presents and discusses alternative scenarios with a focus on the role of technological change.


Опубликовано на портале: 30-11-2003
Arjan Ruijs, Caspar Schweigman, Clemens Lutz
2003
Reductions in transport and transaction costs are expected to have a major effect
on the functioning of food
markets in developing countries. For many developing countries, this is
a relevant issue as it may have
important consequences for the food markets in urban and rural deficit areas. A partial
equilibrium model is
presented to analyze the effects of reduced costs on cereal price formation, inter-regional
cereal trade, and
farmers' and traders' storage strategies for the case of Burkina Faso. Our results
show that the high
expectations with regard to the direct effects of cost reductions on food prices
and food availability require
some nuance. First, the effects of even a huge reduction of transport costs only
will be small. Secondly, an
element which is often neglected is that constructing a road between two
cities may have unintended
negative consequences on the competitive position of farmers and traders
in other regions. Finally, it is
concluded that only if transport and transaction costs are reduced simultaneously,
both consumers and
farmers will benefit significantly.

