Экономика » Экономика отраслевых рынков » Аграрная экономика » Международная торговля агропродовольственной продукцией
Всего публикаций в данном разделе: 4
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Опубликовано на портале: 30-11-2003
Jay Fabiosa, John C. Beghin, Stephane de Cara, Cheng Fang, Murat Isik, Holger Matthey
2003
Using a partial equilibrium model of world agriculture, we investigate the multilateral
removal of all border
taxes and farm programs and their distortion of world agricultural markets. These
distortions have significant
terms-of-trade effects. World trade is also significantly impacted by both
types of distortions. Trade
expansion is substantial for most commodities, especially dairy, meats, and vegetable
oils. Net agricultural
and food exporters (Brazil, Australia, and Argentina) emerge with expanded exports;
whereas net importing
countries with limited distortions before liberalization are penalized by
higher world markets prices and
reduced imports. The US gains significant export shares in livestock products
and imports more dairy
products. Without protection and domestic subsidies, the EU loses many
of its livestock and dairy export
markets.


Опубликовано на портале: 30-11-2003
Imre Ferto, Lionel G. Hubbard
2003
We analyse the evolving pattern of Hungary.s agri-food trade using recently developed
empirical procedures
based on the classic Balassa index and its symmetric transformation. The
extent of trade specialisation
exhibits a declining trend; Hungary lost comparative advantage for a number
of product groups over the
1990s. The indices of specialisation have also tended to converge. For particular
product groups, the picture
is mixed: indices are reasonably stable for product groups with comparative
disadvantage, but those with
weak to strong comparative advantage show significant variation. The results
reinforce the finding of a
general decrease in specialisation, but do not support the idea of self-reinforcing
mechanisms, emphasised
strongly in much of the endogenous growth and trade literature.


Опубликовано на портале: 04-01-2004
Achim Fock, Peter Weingarten, Olaf Wahl, Mikhail Prokopiev
Boston: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 2000, 271-297 с.
The paper analyzes the impact of different agricultural trade policies on Russia’s
bilateral trade patterns, price and quantity changes, and welfare effects for producers,
consumers, and the state budget. Three experiments are simulated using a partial
equilibrium model based on the Armington approach. The results show that the current
situation of import tariff-free trade between Russia and other CIS countries has
small positive welfare effects for the Russian Federation in comparison to a situation
where import tariffs between these countries were to be imposed.
However, according to the results, an elimination of import tariffs against all trading partners is preferable for Russia in terms of net welfare. An increase in discriminatory trade barriers against non-CIS countries would cause overall welfare losses for the Russian economy.
However, according to the results, an elimination of import tariffs against all trading partners is preferable for Russia in terms of net welfare. An increase in discriminatory trade barriers against non-CIS countries would cause overall welfare losses for the Russian economy.


Опубликовано на портале: 28-11-2003
Lionel G. Hubbard, Imre Ferto
2002
Intra-industry trade in agri-food products between Hungary and the EU is shown to
be low
and dominated by vertically rather than horizontally differentiated products, suggesting
higher economic adjustment costs. Following recent empirical studies, we then test
econometrically for the determinants of this trade using different measures of horizontal
and
vertical trade, and employing an array of popular explanatory variables. Results
suggest that
separating the measure of intra-industry trade into vertical and horizontal provides
for better
estimation and supports the contention that the determinants may differ by type of
trade. In
the regression analysis, the level of intra-industry trade is found to serve as a
better dependent
variable than the degree or share of intra-industry trade.

