Всего публикаций в данном разделе: 23
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Опубликовано на портале: 11-12-2002
Morten Huse, Hans Landstrom
2002
Boards of directors and corporate governance debates have been highly focused in
the
business press and even in research, but few universities offer courses on these
topics. In this
paper a research and teaching model is introduced, and we will show some examples
of how such courses may be designed and how they relate to research. Examples are
given for executive courses, undergraduate courses and graduate courses. The paper
concludes by presenting the second international doctoral course on governance in
SMEs.


Опубликовано на портале: 25-12-2002
Andrea Bonaccorsi, Paola Giuri, Francesca Pierotti
2001
The paper studies the relations between technological strategies and market success
of firms, through an empirical analysis of the commercial aero-engine industry since
1948 to 1997 detailed at the level of competition among single firms products. It
uses a multidimensional measure of technical progress through Data Envelopment Analysis
(DEA) for measuring technological performances of single products and firms and data
on sales of each product over time for representing market success. The paper confirms
the existence of heterogeneity of firms technological strategies and draws some main
conclusions with respect to strategies of convergence and divergence from the technological
frontier, first mover advantage and survival of inefficient products.


Опубликовано на портале: 05-01-2003
J. Stan Metcalfe
2003
This paper was prepared as a background document for the forthcoming World Industrial
Development report for UNIDO in 2001. While the link between technological knowledge
and economic development is difficult to unravel, nonetheless, technological disparities
play
an immensely important role in explaining the diversity of development experience.
Here we
explore recent advances in the study of innovation processes, viewed through two
different
lenses, neoclassical and evolutionary theories of the firms. The paper concludes
with a
discussion of the implications for innovation policy in developing economies. We
conclude
that a central task of policy is to create a rich ecology of organisational and institutional
support for the absorption of knowledge and the generation of innovative capabilities.


Опубликовано на портале: 11-12-2002
Morten Huse, Jonas Gabrielsson
2002
Considerable attention has been directed towards corporate governance issues in recent
years. There are however various limitations in the international mainstream research
on
boards of directors. Few studies address research questions beyond investigating
the
relationship between board composition and company performance. Most research is
moreover based on empirical evidence from large publicly held US corporations. This
paper summarises the accumulated knowledge from 100 student reports on boards of
directors in Scandinavia. The contributions of the reports show the need to explore
the
influence of various contingencies, and also to take various stakeholder perspectives
into
account when researching corporate governance and boards of directors. The reports
also
show the need to go beyond counting only numbers of directors to gain insight into
board
working structures and relationships between directors and managers. Several advantages
compared to the US mainstream research tradition can in this connection be found
in
Scandinavian research about boards of directors.


Опубликовано на портале: 23-01-2003
Robert S. Kaplan, David P. Norton
Boston: Harvard Business School Press, 1996
The rapid evolution of the Balanced Scorecard into a strategic managment system is
reported on in this book. The Balanced Scorecard approach retains traditional financial
measures which reflect past organizational acheivements, but adds three new measures
of future performance found necessary in this information age with its focus on customer
relationships and long-term capabilities: customer, internal business process, and
learning and growth. With these four perspectives providing the framework for the
Balanced Scorecard, organizations can now measure how they create value for customers,
how they can enhance internal competencies, and how they must invest in people, systems
and procedures to improve future performance. According to the authors, the Balanced
Scorecard has evolved from an improved measurement system to a core management system.
For the first time there is a systematic process to implement and obtain feedback
about strategy. This is an excellent introduction to new management styles.


Опубликовано на портале: 23-01-2003
Ron Ashkenas
San Francisco: Jossey-Bass, 1995
Traditional management deals with the following boundaries of organizations: vertical
hierarchical levels of staff; horizontal functional areas; external outreach relations;
and geographic realities. To adopt a concept of boundarylessness necessary to cope
with the ever-increasing rates of change, managers, in recognizing the need to go
beyond traditional boundaries, need to shift paradigms in order to make the necessary
adjustments in organizational structure and processes to meet the demands of a fast-moving
world. The author provides tools to measure the strength of current boundaries and
identifies means of eliminating the boundaries.


Опубликовано на портале: 05-01-2003
Rafael Andreu, Sandra Sieber
2003
In todays competitive landscape organizational learning and knowledge management
initiatives are
emerging of powerful sources of competitive advantage. In this paper, the researches
report on the design and expected result of a survey on knowledge management, which
has been designed putting special emphasis on the interplay between the technical
and non-technical aspects of learning and knowledge management initiatives. Questionnaires
have been sent to 1100 firms from 11 industries in Spain, in order to be able to
conduct both intra- and inter-industry analysis. In addition, in order to enrich
the results, in-depth interviews was going to be held with selected companies. This
allowed the authors to report on (1) what knowledge management initiatives was planned
and carried out, (2) the role of technology in these initiatives, (3) the role of
non-technical aspects like career planning and human resource policies, (4) the perceived
effectiveness of the initiatives, and (5) the main underlying causal dynamics at
work.


Опубликовано на портале: 28-05-2008
Maurizio Giuli
1997
This paper sets out to assess the ability of Europes textile manufacturers to
respond to the competitive challenge of low-cost producers from Eastern
Europe and the Far East. In doing so it utilises Porters framework of the
competitive advantage of nations to analyse the changing conditions under
which the industry operates. The paper highlights the differing structure of the
textile industry in the UK and Italy in order to demonstrate that the impact of competition
may vary across the EU market as a whole. The conclusion
suggests that the ability of European producers to resist the threat from low cost
producers of textiles will lie in their ability to extend the strategy of developing
high value added products directed towards the top-end of the market to embrace the
middle range of consumers and it argues that the industrial groupings which feature
collaborative but independent clusters of firms are most likely to succeed in this
objective.


Опубликовано на портале: 17-03-2005
Europe: OECD, 1998
This report prepared by the Austrian Institute for Economic Research (WIFO) and the
Vienna
Institute for Comparative Economic Studies (WIIW) provides a timely and very useful
piece of
empirical evidence. Indeed, as one of the major economic flaws of the socialist system
was its lack of openness, understanding how trade flows interact with the transition
process is a key issue. Export growth has already played a crucial role in the recovery
from the transition shock. Moreover, ensuring sustainable growth is closely related
to the capacity of each transition country to reap the benefits of the openness to
international trade and foreign investment. Concerning these aspects, however, the
Central and Eastern European countries have been revealing a strong heterogeneity.
By adopting a comparative approach and combining several approaches, the report sheds
light on
different interactions between trade, FDI and the process of economic transformation.
As a result, it
gives a comprehensive view on the strong and weak points of each countrys competitive
position, and
interesting conclusions are drawn on the extent of economic restructuring that probably
still needs to take place. Compared with the existing literature, these are real
original points to be stressed.


Опубликовано на портале: 11-12-2002
Frank Brueck, Astrid Kainzbauer
2002
When European managers of differing cultural backgrounds meet, they often have considerable
difficulties when it comes to understanding one another. These cultural dissimilarities
have a decidedly negative influence on their ability to collaborate.. The factor
Culture can be especially disturbing when the acting persons are not aware of their
cultural dissimilarities. Since the differences between Europeans are not as obvious
as between Japanese and German businessmen, for example, people tend to neglect the
influence of Culture in business relations in Europe.
One innovative way of researching cultural differences is the Cultural Standard Method.
It is based on a qualitative research approach and provides a tool for identifying
cultural differences on a more subtle level. The purpose of this paper is to describe
the cultural standards method as a tool for the comparison of European business cultures
and to give examples of recent research results.


Опубликовано на портале: 23-01-2003
Peter Senge, Charlotte Roberts, Richard Ross, Art Kleiner, George Roth, Bryan Smith
New York: Doubleday & Company, 1999
Since Peter Senge published his groundbreaking book The Fifth Discipline, he and
his associates have frequently been asked by the business community: "How do we go
beyond the first steps of corporate change? How do we sustain momentum?" They know
that companies and organizations cannot thrive today without learning to adapt their
attitudes and practices. But companies that establish change initiatives discover,
after initial success, that even the most promising efforts to transform or revitalize
organizationsdespite interest, resources, and compelling business resultscan fail
to sustain themselves over time. That's because organizations have complex, well-developed
immune systems, aimed at preserving the status quo.
Now, drawing upon new theories about leadership and the long-term success of change
initiatives, and based upon twenty-five years
of experience building learning organizations, the authors of The Fifth Discipline
Fieldbook show how to accelerate success and avoid the obstacles that can stall momentum.
The Dance of Change, written for managers and executives at every level of an organization,
reveals how business leaders can work together to anticipate the challenges that
profound change will ultimately force the organization to face. Then, in a down-to-earth
and compellingly clear format, readers will learn how to build the personal and organizational
capabilities needed to meet those challenges.
These challenges are not imposed from the outside; they are the product of assumptions
and practices that people take for grantedan inherent, natural part of the processes
of change. And they can stop innovation cold,unless managers at all levels learn
to anticipate them and recognize the hidden rewards in each challenge, and the potential
to spur further growth. Within the frequently encountered challenge of "Not Enough
Time," for examplethe lack of control over time available for innovation and learning
initiativeslies a valuable opportunity to reframe the way people organize their workplaces.
This book identifies universal challenges that organizations ultimately find themselves
confronting, including the challenge of "Fear and Anxiety"; the need to diffuse learning
across organizational boundaries; the ways in which assumptions built in to corporate
measurement systems can handcuff learning initiatives; and the almost unavoidable
misunderstandings between "true believers" and nonbelievers in a company.
Filled with individual and team exercises, in-depth accounts of sustaining learning
initiatives by managers and leaders in the field, and well-tested practical advice,
The Dance of Change provides an insider's perspective on implementing learning and
change initiatives at such corporations as British Petroleum, Chrysler, Dupont, Ford,
General Electric, Harley-Davidson, Hewlett-Packard, Mitsubishi Electric, Royal Dutch/Shell,
Shell Oil Company, Toyota, the United States Army, and Xerox. It offers crucial advice
for line-level managers, executive leaders, internal networkers, educators, and others
who are struggling to put change initiatives into practice.


Опубликовано на портале: 28-05-2008
Geert Duysters, John Hagedoorn
1996
This paper contributes to the understanding of the importance of dynamic firm
capabilities for corporate performance in isolating the effect of core competences
on the performance of companies. It discusses and tests the assumed relation
between core competences and economic performance, including the effect of the
external appropriation of these competences through mergers and acquisitions as
well as through strategic technology alliances. A major conclusion is that,
particularly in high-tech sectors, a specific set of endogenous technological core
capabilities is needed to generate performance differentials. Also, the external
appropriation of competences does not seem to be an easy solution through which
companies can improve their existing capabilities.


Опубликовано на портале: 11-11-2004
Christopher A. Bartlett, Sumantra Ghoshal
London: Heinemann, 1998, 368 с.
This book brings together six years of research and writing by two leading thinkers
on global organization. Drawing on their detailed knowledge of major corporations,
including ABB, Canon, 3M, and McKinsey, Ghoshal and Bartlett argue that we are witnessing
the emergence of a new and radically different organizational form. The philosophy
that underpins this form focuses on the power of the individual as the driver of
value creation in the company and on the importance of individuality in management.
Stressing the significance of purpose, process and people, their analysis pays particular
attention to creating and leveraging knowledge, building organizational capabilities
as well as developing individual competence. Readers may already be familiar with
some of Ghoshal and Bartlett's ideas that have been published elsewhere-but by bringing
them together here, they become at once more accessible and more challenging.


Опубликовано на портале: 23-01-2003
James Kouzes, Barry Z. Posner
San Francisco: Jossey-Bass, 1998
Corporations are suffering from a lack of leadership. Too many managers are unwilling
to take charge due to beliefs in tradtional myths such as successful leaders are
stable and organized. The focus of this book is to help managers further their abilities
as leaders. The authors have discussed leadership skills with other leaders to learn
their strengths and weaknesses.


Опубликовано на портале: 25-12-2002
Ulla Johansson, Lisbeth Svengren
2002
This paper describes the theoretical frame of reference and research methods for
a planned research program. The aim of the program is to explore different patterns
of collaboration and power games between industrial designers, engineers and marketers.
Two main theoretical strategies will be used: On one hand, we are trying to understand
the different professional groups own sense-making of the situation. This is done
through symbolic interactionism and Weick's theoretical perspective. On the other
hand we also try to understand the collaboration from an outside analysis or a deconstruction
influenced by Latour and Cooren.

