Статья посвящена вопросам влияния власти на поведение человека. Авторы рассматривают данные различных источников, в которых увеличение власти связывается с напористостью, а ее уменьшение - с подавленностью. Конкретно, власть ассоциируется с: а) позитивным аффектом; б) вниманием к вознаграждению и к свойствам других, удовлетворяющим личные цели; в) автоматической переработкой информации и резкими суждениями; г) расторможенным социальным поведением. Уменьшение власти, напротив, ассоциируется с: а) негативным аффектом; б) вниманием к угрозам и наказаниям, к интересам других и к тем характеристикам я, которые отвечают целям других; в) контролируемой переработкой информации и совещательным типом рассуждений; г) подавленным социальным поведением. Обсуждаются также последствия этих паттернов поведения, связанных с властью, и потенциальные модераторы.

Through observations in three intensive care units, this book draws on the reality of practice to explore how nurses and doctors work in intensive care settings. It examines: the power held by the competing knowledge bases; the roles of the different professions; the decision-making process; the sources of conflict; the need for change. Drawing together sociological theories and clinical practice, Power and Conflict Between Doctors and Nurses explores the role of nurses in delivering contemporary health care. It makes a strong case for interdisciplinary working and is particularly timely when health care policy is challenging work boundaries in health care.

"Faster, cheaper, better." That's been the mantra of business for decades--in just that order - with the "better" part all but obliterated by "faster and cheaper." According to authors Bean and Radford, it's time for manufacturers to put the emphasis on the "better" - because it's better products, not just cheaper ones, that will be the key to success in the coming millennium. Companies that want to shine in the twenty-first century will provide more new, exciting, innovative, and cost-effective products than ever before. In POWERFUL PRODUCTS, Bean and Radford offer readers a thoroughly researched product development process that guarantees success virtually every time. With this winning formula, readers will learn to:
•Develop a workable and specific market segmentation model that is used to target new products
•Create a product development strategy that is in alignment with the goals and strategies of the company
•Achieve consistent, repeatable product success, and more.

Следуя главному принципу ведения бизнеса последнего десятилетия – «быстрее, дешевле, лучше», авторы делают акцент на «лучше», утверждая, что именно более совершенные продукты будут ключевым фактором успеха для компаний в XXI веке. Таким образом главная идея, лежащая в основе этой книги, заключается в том, что если компания хочет добиться существенного превосходства над конкурентами, она должна предлагать потребителям улучшенные, более совершенные, инновационные продукты (и более рентабельные !), чем когда бы то ни было. Для того, чтобы воплотить эту идею в жизнь, авторы предлагают свою формулу успеха, построенную на тщательном исследовании процесса разработки новых продуктов.

Дик Моррис посвятил свою книгу "Властные игры: победить или проиграть. Как действуют великие политические лидеры" описанию наиболее драматических моментов в политической истории США. В результате получилась книга, являющаяся хорошим пособием для стратегического планирования как политических, так и бизнес кампаний. На американских и международных примерах автор описывает 5 типов политических игр, рассказывает об успешных и провальных применениях стратегий.

In today’s hypercompetitive global marketplace, a company’s pricing policy can make or break the bottom line. Now the world’s two leading price experts Robert J. Dolan and Hermann Simon take managers beyond conventional thinking to show how their breakthrough system of “power pricing” will improve the bottom line by an order of magnitude. They destroy popular but not necessarily financially savvy ideas on pricing, such as relying on a standard markup on cost rule. They expose as passive the “strategy” of letting the market or a competitor “set the price.” But the key is in what they provide: the tools by which the pedestrian pricer can become a “power pricer” who achieves quantum leaps in financial performance by aggressively implementing sophisticated pricing strategies. Market segmentation, promotional pricing, competitive strategic pricing, international pricing, nonlinear pricing, interrelated product line pricing, and time-customized pricing are just a few of the crucial concepts which the authors explore and explain when and how to implement. The authors’ approach to creating “power pricers” is twofold. They specify the practices of the strategic pricers among the world’s most successful firms and then lay out a four-dimensional system to attain this level of pricing sophistication and resulting profit improvement. Power Pricing is a highly detailed yet practically focused book which will become required reading for business leaders; general managers; marketing, product, and brand managers; accountants, financial managers, and marketing students, world-wide.

В современных условиях гиперконкуренции ценовая политика компании может приводить как к получению значительных прибылей, так и к серьезным убыткам. Главная особенность представленной книги заключается в том, что авторы приводят инструменты – методы агрессивного использования различных ценовых стратегий (конкурентное стратегическое ценообразование, международное ценообразование, нелинейное ценообразование и т.д.), которые позволят компаниям достичь выдающихся финансовых результатов. Книга будет полезна как студентам, изучающим маркетинг и ценообразование, так и практикам – от финансовых менеджеров до генеральных директоров компаний.

См. также: Переводное издание книги.

What is the basis of social stratification in the Soviet-type system? What kind of a role is played by power in the social structure? These issues make up the subject matter of the present article. As it is impossible to handle all the aspects of this immense problem, this paper will be confined to the socio-economic issues, and deal with political ones only in so far as it is unavoidable for the analysis. The classic example of the Soviet Union (or more precisely, the Russian Federation) is analysed, though the basic characteristics described are more or less relevant for all the societies of the Soviet type in the period before radical reform took place. With the exception of the last section of the paper, the system described is that which existed before 1985, in order to give us a clearer image of its essential features. The paper is mostly concerned with the general theoretical framework of power stratification. But in many respects (dealt with mainly in sections 4 and 5) it is a preliminary for empirical research as part of the project on `Power and Economic Relationships', currently being carried out in the Soviet Union.

In short, to-the-point chapters, Practical C++ Programming covers all aspects of programming including style, software engineering, programming design, object-oriented design, and debugging. It also covers common mistakes and how to find (and avoid) them. End of chapter exercises help you ensure you've mastered the material. Steve Oualline's clear, easy-going writing style and hands-on approach to learning make Practical C++ Programming a nearly painless way to master this complex but powerful programming language.

This econometrics text helps the reader to apply econometric techniques to a variety of empirical problems, using classic and contemporary data sets provided on a diskette. Each chapter begins with a discussion of economic theory underlying an application. It then summarizes the most important empirical findings, and involves the reader in a carefully designed set of exercises involving replication and extension of typical empirical findings. To assist the reader in hands-on applications, special manuals are available for purchase that implement the exercises on the widely-used computer econometric software programs, MicroTSP and SHAZAM.

Публикация посвящена проблеме "Прагматического поворота" в лингвистике, представляющего собой сдвиг от парадигмы теоретической грамматики (в частности, синтаксиса) к парадигме пользователя языка (language user). Прагматика изучает использование языка в человеской коммуникации и, что наиболее важно, его детерминированность обществом. Предлагаемая книга является представлением новой области в исследовании прагматики - изучения языка с точки зрения его пользователей, выборов, которые они делают, ограничений, которые они встречают, используя язык в социальном взаимодействии, а также эффектов, которые оказывает использование ими языка на других участников взаимодействия. В книге дается обзор работ таких авторов в области языковых практик, как Серля, Остина и др., а также анализируется скрытое значение повседневного разговора (everyday conversation) и социальная значимость и детерминированность наших индивидуальных "прагматических актов". Уделяется также внимание литературной прагматике и кросскультурным аспекам прагматики.

Producers in industrialized countries have been inundated with ideas and information about precision agriculture (PA) and how new site-specific management (SSM) technologies will revolutionize their farm operations. Conjuring up Star Wars-imagery, farmers and their computerized machinery communicate with satellites while speeding up and down the information highway. The farm press has hailed the advent of these technologies as a win-win situation with higher farm profits and improved environmental quality. Certainly the potential is there for greater economic returns and better environmental stewardship. But what exactly is precision agriculture, who is applying it, and where? Is the technology only relevant for developed countries and are there implications for markets? What is the likelihood that environmental benefits will be realized?

This paper addresses these questions by drawing on literature, data, and expert opinion to explore what technologies have been developed and which ones have been or are likely to be adopted, by whom, and where. It considers the environmental implications of this host of new information technologies.

Книга демонстрирует силу и возможности социальной науки и статистических методов, ясно и просто показывая, каким образом различные социальные и политические события могут быть объяснены с использованием инструментов социальных наук и статистики.

Preface to Marketing Management, 9/e, by Peter and Donnelly, is praised in the market for its organization, format, clarity, brevity and flexibility. The text serves as an overview for critical issues in marketing management. Its brief, inexpensive, paperback format makes it a perfect fit for instructors who assign cases, readings, simulations or offer modules on marketing management for MBA students. The text also works in courses that implement a cross-functional curriculum where the students are required to purchase several texts.

Книга представляет собой обзор ключевых проблем маркетинг менеджмента. Рекомендуется для использования в курсе маркетинг менеджмент для слушателей MBA программ.

In this paper we report on preliminary results of a research aimed to examine the content of farm animal biodiversity conservation actions currently under implementation in the European Union in the framework of EU Agenda 2000. In particular, we surveyed sixty-three Rural Development Plans (RDPs) set up in twelve countries in application of EEC regulations 1257/99 and 1750/99. Our analysis focused on endangered breeds of six major livestock species included in the RDPs. This analysis, which is based on the comparison with the indicator’s status of the DAD-IS FAO database, allowed to identify priorities in conservation efforts in each country, and estimate the level of expected public expenditure needed to ensure the moving of breeds from at-risk (of extinction) status to not-at-risk status over the period 2000-2006.

The paper explores the question of diversity in agricultural practice as related to bio-diversity and landscape appearance. It starts with the observation that, in the past, diverse natural conditions have considerably impacted on adapted modes of agricultural production, more than today, and that previously performed farm practices were strongly affiliated with specific natural conditions. These practices positively contributed to a modified, diverse and man-made environment which is frequently considered a beautiful landscape. This has changed dramatically. Particularly, where the European countryside is regarded a natural heritage, today, the public seems to be worried about modern farm practices. After the adoption of modern techniques, farmers prefer to apply unified production technologies and tend to set-up uniform farm structures and product mixes as well as land cultivation practices based on purchased inputs. Farm operations equalise natural conditions and contribute to uniform land rents. However, a rising public concern for the preservation of bio-diversity is asking for change and new measures. Additional to regulations on farm practices governments seek to compensate farmers for nature preservation and production of bio-diversity. Presuming that high biodiversity is dependent on diversity in agricultural practice and landscape appearance due to preserved natural conditions, the paper develops a model that links payments to diversity in farm practice and natural conditions. The applied model is landscape-oriented and classifies farm behaviour according to agronomic conditions. A reference system for a unified technology is presented and implications for payments are discussed using a behavioural approach. This behavioural approach focuses on regional dynamics in natural condition as major determinants for bio-diversity and payments as determinants for farm practices. Payments are directed to re-establish diversity in farm practices, counteract current technology dominance, and assure a new exposure to nature, though only partly. Diversity becomes prevalent; notably according to an economic calculus of costs and benefits from taxpayers' point of view.