Всего публикаций в данном разделе: 2067
Опубликовано на портале: 17-09-2008
Chad Syverson
Journal of Political Economy.
2004.
Vol. 112.
No. 6.
Many studies have documented large and persistent productivity differences across
producers, even within narrowly defined industries. This paper both extends and departs
from the past literature, which focused on technological explanations for these differences,
by proposing that demand-side features also play a role in creating the observed
productivity variation.
Опубликовано на портале: 17-09-2008
Amil K. Petrin
Journal of Political Economy.
2002.
Vol. 110.
No. 4.
P. 705-729.
This paper proposes a technique for obtaining more precise estimates of demand and
supply curves when one is constrained to market-level data. The technique allows
one to augment market share data with information relating consumer demographics
to the characteristics of the products they purchase.
Опубликовано на портале: 27-08-2008
А.А. Иголкин
TERRA ECONOMICUS.
2008.
Т. 6.
№ 1.
С. 87-93.
Сегодня нефтяной сектор в наименьшей мере – за последние сто лет – служит интересам населения России. Доходы от экспортируемой нефти почти не превращаются в так нужные для страны инвестиции, он не служит «локомотивом экономики».
Опубликовано на портале: 25-08-2008
Р.В. Калеев
TERRA ECONOMICUS.
2007.
Т. 5.
№ 1.
С. 128-140.
Телевизионный рекламный рынок России переживает поворотный момент, когда акцент в его развитии постепенно смещается из столичных городов, Москвы и Санкт-Петербурга, в регионы. Этот процесс сопряжен с некоторыми трудностями, обусловленными экономическими и институциональными особенностями российских регионов. В данной статье представлена попытка проанализировать эволюцию институтов национального и регионального телевизионных рекламных рынков, а также выделить основные проблемы и тенденции в области институционального развития телевизионной рекламы в регионах.
Опубликовано на портале: 20-08-2008
А.Б. Жерукова
TERRA ECONOMICUS.
2006.
Т. 4.
№ 2.
С. 128-133.
Вхождение аграрного сектора в рынок предопределяет смену форм собственности и хозяйствования, трансформацию экономических приоритетов и в целом изменение сути экономических отношений.
Опубликовано на портале: 20-08-2008
А.В. Алешин
TERRA ECONOMICUS.
2006.
Т. 4.
№ 1.
С. 159-164.
В условиях распространения региональных парадигм и подходов в экономических исследованиях последнего времени, объясняемых усилением значимости территориального фактора в выборе направлений трансформаций и перевода на инновационный путь развития российской экономики, исключительное значение приобретает институциональное оформление устойчивого взаимодействия всех участников научно-технической и производственной сферы посредством развития единой инновационной инфраструктуры, обеспечивающей эффективное использование аккумулируемого разномасштабными субъектами бизнеса национального научного и технологического потенциалов.
Обыкновенный монополизм [статья]
Опубликовано на портале: 20-08-2008
Октай Юсуфович Мамедов
TERRA ECONOMICUS.
2006.
Т. 4.
№ 1.
С. 5-6.
Экономическая теория давно выяснила: монополия; это плохо. Всюду и всегда.
Правда, когда речь заходит о естественной монополии, экономисты начинают
отводить глаза, невнятно бормоча, что, увы, здесь даже Антимонопольный комитет бессилен.
В статье изучается проявление монополизма на железнодорожном транспорте в России.
Опубликовано на портале: 19-08-2008
Надежда Михайловна Розанова
TERRA ECONOMICUS.
2006.
Т. 4.
№ 1.
С. 32-47.
В настоящее время проблема соотношения промышленной политики и антимонопольного регулирования находится в центре внимания как теоретических дискуссий, так и практики функционирования различных государственных органов. В данной работе изучается опыт зарубежных стран в достижении оптимального баланса интересов между двумя видами экономического воздействия государства на поведение рыночных агентов.
Опубликовано на портале: 24-12-2007
Helmut Fryges, Joachim Wagner
ZEW Discussion Papers.
2007.
No. 07-032.
A recent survey of 54 micro-econometric studies reveals that exporting firms are
more productive than non-exporters. On the other hand, previous empirical studies
show that exporting does not necessarily improve productivity. One possible reason
for this result is that most previous studies are restricted to analysing the relationship
between a firm’s export status and the growth of its labour productivity, using
the firms’ export status as a binary treatment variable and comparing the performance
of exporting and non-exporting firms. In this paper, we apply the newly developed
generalised propensity score (GPS) methodology that allows for continuous treatment,
that is, different levels of the firms’ export activities. Using the GPS method
and a large panel data set for German manufacturing firms, we estimate the relationship
between a firm’s export-sales ratio and its labour productivity growth rate.
We find that there is a causal effect of firms’ export activities on labour
productivity growth. However, exporting improves labour productivity growth only
within a subinterval of the range of firms’ export-sales ratios.
Опубликовано на портале: 05-12-2007
Андрей Валерьевич Лукашов, Юрий Валерьевич Тюрин
Управление корпоративными финансами.
2007.
Т. 23.
№ 5.
С. 262-283.
В России именно нефтегазовый сектор в наибольшей степени интегрирован в глобальную экономику, следовательно, немалое зна чение имеет изучение международной практики
оценки стоимости нефтегазовых компаний, а также факторов их рыночной капитализации на глобальных биржах. В статье рассматриваются методы оценки стоимости и основные факторы формирования рыночной капитализации компаний группы Е&P, т. е. сектора нефтегазовой разведки и добычи.
Опубликовано на портале: 03-12-2007
Michael Hübler
Kiel Working Papers.
2007.
No. 1320.
The paper analyses a partial equilibrium outsourcing model with Cournot competition
in intermediate good production. Final production is located in western Europe, whereas
the intermediate good can be manufactured by a western (outsourcing) or eastern European
supplier (offshore outsourcing). Interregional production (factor) allocation depending
on factor prices and productivity levels is investigated analytically and graphically.
The main results are: Higher production costs in one region reduce intermediate good
production in both regions leading to a substitution effect between high- and low-skilled
labour intensive inputs rather than between eastern and western low-skilled labour
intensive inputs. The sensitivity of outsourcing activities to production cost changes
is highest when the interregional cost differential is smallest.
Опубликовано на портале: 03-12-2007
Stefan Napel, Andrea Schneider
Fächergruppe Volkswirtschaftslehre Diskussionspapiere.
2006.
No. 52.
The paper investigates the effects of intra-family talent transmission when human
capital exhibits indivisibilities and parental financing of education involves borrowing
constraints. Positive talent correlation reduces social mobility but steady state
inequality and macroeconomic history-dependence are not affected.
Опубликовано на портале: 03-12-2007
Michel Fouquin, Laurence Nayman, Laurent Wagner
Economics Discussion Papers.
2007.
No. 2007-18.
This paper investigates the determinants of intra-firm trade of multinational firms
located in France, using data on French companies. Results on the vertical pattern
of production networks differ according to the affiliates’ location. Lower
wage and transportation costs in the developing countries increase, as expected,
the vertical segmentation of production. In the developed countries, lower trade
and unit wage costs, and hence, a strong and positive labour productivity matter
a lot in explaining French MNCs’ preferences. Among the other variables of
interest, partnership and market potential have been given special attention. The
results substantiate a mix of vertical and horizontal FDI, mainly when we separate
out capital intensive from labour intensive intermediate products.
Опубликовано на портале: 03-12-2007
Ole Boysen, Carsten Schröder
VOLKSWIRTSCHAFTLICHE REIHE.
2005.
Nr. 2005/15.
In this article, we simulate the concentration process within the German dairy sector
employing a sector–wide optimization model. As a result, we get cost minimizing
structures of the dairy sector for various time horizons depending on varying levels
of transportation costs. We show that the model is capable of describing the current
trend characterized by a decrease of the number of dairies while average capacity
increases and that – ceteris paribus – this trend is likely to continue.
In contrast, the trend may weaken or reverse if transportation costs rise in comparison
to other types of costs.
Опубликовано на портале: 03-12-2007
Oliver Lipps, Uwe Kunert
DIW Berlin Discussion Papers.
2005.
No. 492.
Spatial mobility in the industrialised countries is ever increasing. In West-Germany
the total mileage travelled annually by all modes of transportation grew by 40 %
over the last two decades (1982 to 2002) to 900 billion kilometres, with the reliance
on the use of the car becoming more pronounced. Now 80 % of travel as measured in
kilometres is by car drivers and passengers.
Опубликовано на портале: 03-12-2007
Bernhard Wieland, Tina Seidel, Andreas Matthes, Bernhard Schlag
Diskussionsbeiträge aus dem Institut für Wirtschaft und Verkehr.
2004.
No. 2/2004.
The last two decades have seen a substantial change in the basic philosophy underlying
European transportation policy. Due to the Commission’s efforts and due to
supporting jurisdiction by the European Court of Justice the dominant approach to
transportation policy has become far more market oriented. This change of approach
in transportation policy will only be successful and sustainable if the problem of
acceptability will be solved. For researchers this entails that their perspective
must change from the normative to the positive aspects of transportation policy-making.
This paper reports work undertaken within research project TIPP (Transportation Institutions
in the Policy Process) funded by the European Commission. In this work it has been
attempted to develop a theoretical structure that merges the positive economic theory
of regulation with cognitive psychology and traffic psychology. This theoretical
structure offers a matrix of actors and factors that are seen to be essential for
success or failure in the implementation of a certain measure of transport policy.
Four case studies were carried out in order to check the plausibility of this approach.
The case studies are the failure of the German Railway (Deutsche Bahn AG) to introduce
a new tariff system in passenger transport in the period 2002-2003, the attempt to
introduce a toll for HGVs in Germany, the failure to operate a private tolled motorway
in Hungary (M1/M15), the failure to introduce a road-pricing system in the densely
populated Randstad area in the Netherlands.
Опубликовано на портале: 03-12-2007
Robert Cervero
University of CaliforniaInstitute of Urban and Regional Development Working paper.
2003.
This paper explores multiple dimensions of complexity in a U.S. transportation-policy
context, discusses the implications of these dimensions for policy change, and to
the degree appropriate, suggests strategies that might be pursued to overcome, or
at least better “manage”, complexity. Three major spheres of complexity
that are addressed relate to mobility markets, problem definition and analysis (technocratic
complexity), and decision-making. The paper closes with a review of promising developments
in coping with the panoply of complex problems faced in America’s urban transport
sector, with a particular focus on progress made in better integrating public transport
and urbanism in the world’s most car-dependent cities.
Опубликовано на портале: 03-12-2007
Robert Cervero, Tsai Yu-hsin
Institut of Urban and Regional Development Working Papers.
2003.
No. 2003-05.
Two years into the introduction of carsharing in San Francisco, nearly 30 percent
of members have gotten rid of one more cars and two-thirds stated they opted not
to purchase another car. By City CarShare's second anniversary, 6.5 percent of members'
trips and 10 percent of their vehicle miles traveled were in carshare vehicles. Matched-pair
comparisons with a statistic control group suggest that, over time, members have
reduced their total vehicular travel. Because carshare vehicles tendet to be small
and fuel-efficient, per capita gasoline consumption and greenhouse gas emissions
among members also appeared to go down. Suppressed travel likely reflected a combination
of influences: reduced car ownership, more judicious and selective use of cars for
particular trip purpose, and carpooling among trips made using car-share vehicles.
Carsharing, however, has also enhanced mobility, allowing members to conveniently
reach more destinations in and around San Francisco and to do so more quickly. Because
it widens mobility choices and offers a resourceful form of automobility, carsharing
is a welcome addition to the urban transportation sector in cities like San Francisco.
Опубликовано на портале: 02-12-2007
Sudipta Sarangi, Hrachya Kyureghian
DIW Berlin Discussion Papers.
2004.
No. 406.
We consider a linear city model where both firms and consumers have to incur transport
costs. Following a standard Hotelling (1929) type framework we analyze a duopoly
where firms facing a continuum of consumers choose locations and prices, with the
transportation rate being linear in distance. From a theoretical point of view such
a model is interesting since mill pricing and uniform delivery pricing arise as special
cases. Given the complex nature of the profit function for the two-stage transport
cost sharing game, we invoke simplifying assumptions and solve for two different
games. We provide a complete characterization for the equilibrium of the location
game between the duopolists by removing the price choice from the strategy space.
We then find that if the two firms are constrained to locate at the same spot, the
resulting price competition leads to a mixed strategy equilibrium with discriminatory
rationing. In equilibrium both firms always have positive expected profits. Finally,
we derive a pure strategy equilibrium for the two-stage game. Results are then compared
with the mill pricing and uniform delivery pricing models.
Опубликовано на портале: 26-11-2007
Leif Danziger
Kiel Working Papers.
2007.
No. 1340.
This paper analyzes the optimal adjustment strategy of an inventory-holding firm
facing price- and quantity-adjustment costs in an inflationary environment. The model
nests both the original menu-cost model that allows production to be costlessly adjusted,
and the later model that includes price- and quantity-adjustment costs, but rules
out inventory holdings. The firm’s optimal adjustment strategy may involve
stockouts. At low inflation rates, output is inversely related to the inflation rate,
and the length of time demand is satisfied decreases with the absolute value of the
demand elasticity, the storage cost, and the real interest rate.
|
|