Post-soviet Heterarchies: Transformation of Big Scientific Organizations During the Period of Economic Reforms
Опубликовано на портале: 23-09-2007
Журнал социологии и социальной антропологии.
2003.
Т. 6.
№ 3.
С. 105-121.
Тематический раздел:
The present paper is focused on the analysis of the phenomenon of post-socialist
heterarchies— organizational modes emerging in big post-socialist firms as
adjustment to the uncertainty of external environment. By analyzing the changes taking
place in big scientific organizations during the first decade of post-socialist reforms
the conclusion is made about essential differences of post-soviet heterarchies as
to compare them with western analogues. The main distinguishing feature of Russian
heterarchies is their informal character, prevailing of informal practices in interrelations
within organizations as well as with side partners. It is assumed that the differences
between western and Russian heterarchies are determined by the differences in external
environment. In the developed economies the emergence of heterarchies are caused
by extremely volatility of markets and high rapidity of technological change while
post-soviet heterarchies are the reaction of organizations to institutional uncertainty
immanent to the period of transformation. This is informal character of heterarchies
which provides their effectiveness as organizational modes (at least during the first
period of reforms), creating possibility for maneuver so necessary for survival in
post-soviet transformational crisis. Although informality is a "patrimonial" feature
of all post-socialist heterarchies, we assume however that in Russia it manifests
itself more explicitly which is caused by the higher level of institutional uncertainty,
more intensive (to compare with other eastern European countries) processes of deformalisation
of the rules of economic interactions, by dominating of informal relations over formal
regulations

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